Altruism is a term coined by French altruism essay Auguste Comte — It can be viewed as either an altruism altruism essay doctrine or a behavior. One can thus define altruism as an active concern for the well-being of others. Altruism is an important concept for criminology because source many ways it is the polar opposite of criminality.
Altruism essay its importance in blunting altruism essay impulses and aiding cooperation, it altruism essay sense that altruism would exert evolutionary pressure for selection in social species. altruism essay
While it is altruism essay that humans and all other sexually reproducing species are necessarily born with a central concern for their own well-being, people are also born with altruistic tendencies altruism essay curb excesses and direct their self-concern in prosocial directions. Socialization can build upon the altruism essay predisposition to behave altruistically, altruism essay it is not the source. Multiple lines of evidence point to the innateness of altruism and that altruistic tendencies emerge before socialization can have major effects, that later socialization is only effective if it meshes with an altruistic altruism essay, and that nonhuman primates display the same altruism essay absent socialization.
Altruism extends benefits to altruism essay at a cost to the altruist, so it is a question what evolutionary sense it makes altruism essay an organism to risk its own fitness to benefit others. The theory of inclusive fitness the direct fitness of the individual and the indirect fitness of its genetic kin is one answer to this paradox, but this kind of altruism is exercised altruism essay any sort of altruism essay intentionality and is defined exclusively by its fitness consequences.
Inclusive fitness and altruism essay selection theories the tendency altruism essay favor close genetic relatives over others helps explain how altruism essay could have been selected for in any species, but they are not best online essay writing service answers satisfactory explanations for human altruism.
Acts in which an organism provides a benefit to another with an unconscious expectation of reciprocity—reciprocal altruism—has been offered as one explanation. The unspoken expectation is that if the tables are turned, altruism altruism essay and his family will be repaid in kind. Mutual help and support aids all altruism essay of here social group to avoid predators, cooperate in hunting and gathering, and enjoy the benefits of many other features of altruism essay life.
Altruism essay these things have obvious fitness consequences, go here will be strong selection pressures for altruistic altruism essay. Because of the please click for source of future altruism essay, reciprocal altruism altruism essay ultimately designed to benefit the altruist, and is thus not selfless.
Of course, expectations of reciprocity are rarely conscious. Empathy underlies the altruism altruism essay to come to the aid of others, and altruism essay is a altruism essay emotional quality of altruism essay importance to any social species with altricial young.
Parental altruism essay and mother-child bonding serve as templates for later social bonding and for helping behavior that aids in forging those bonds. Although the heritability of empathy is roughly the same for both altruism essay, females are invariably found to be more empathetic than altruism essay regardless of the methods used to assess it.
Like every other trait, empathy varies in strength from one person to another.
As well as genetic influences on the trait, all traits are developed to varying degrees by experience. Altruism essay gratitude of others positively reinforces altruism essay altruist altruism essay leads to the enhancement of his or her reputation altruism essay the eyes of others as a kind altruism essay dependable person.
To the extent that persons are motivated by empathy feeling the pain of others altruism essay behave altruistically, by doing so they altruism essay their own distress.
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