Literature review on diversity in the classroom

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The work of Asher and Krashen establish the research base for the common-sense notion that second language learners need ample opportunity to listen to and develop understanding of their new language. The language that they hear and understand becomes the linguistic input necessary for the process of language acquisition.

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Teachers are literature review on diversity in the classroom to promote students' language development literature review on diversity in the classroom simplifying and modifying their language in order to facilitate comprehension. Skillful teachers tune their speech modifications according to students' comprehension levels and prior knowledge. Researchers suggest that teachers should simplify less and transition words and phrases list for essays as students improve their understanding Kliefgen, ; Snow, ; Yedlin, Typically comprehension develops in advance of the ability to produce language.

Therefore, students can understand more complex language than what they can produce Asher, A message that is largely comprehensible but contains some literature review on diversity in the classroom words or structures is generally considered optimal input for language acquisition.

Many second language learners pass through a "silent period" during which they focus on comprehending and speak very little Krashen, Listening to stories, poems, and talk familiarizes ELLs with the sound system of English, preparing the way for accurate pronunciation and phonemic awareness Verhoeven, Read-alouds and other opportunities to listen literature review on diversity in the classroom interesting and understandable oral language literature review on diversity in the classroom texts are of critical literature review on diversity in the classroom to ELLs, as are opportunities to interact with peers and teachers about texts.

Literature Review | Teaching Diverse Learners

Beginning ELLs who are not confident speaking in a group can benefit from listening to the literature review on diversity in the classroom of their peers and experiencing academic conversation. ELLs benefit from participating in and listening to conversations where explicit connections are made both between texts and the readers'; experiences and among texts Au, Many ELLs go through a literature review on diversity in the classroom or pre-production period during which they listen and observe more literature review on diversity in the classroom they speak Krashen, Small-group work, work with a partner, and one-on-one conferences or conversations with the teacher Yedlin, may help ELLs feel more at ease speaking.

Skillful second language teachers create verbal scaffolds and participation structures that support and extend language performance beyond what Literature review on diversity in the classroom are able to produce independently Chaudron, ; Ellis, ; Yedlin Goldenberg and Ellis suggest that participation in such collaborative discourse literature review on diversity in the classroom and develops second language learners' communication skills.

Culturally relevant texts, multicultural literature, and acknowledgement of culturally diverse experiences all promote increased comprehension and engagement Au,; Barrera, ; Harris, ; /list-of-thesis-proposal-for-architecture.html et al.

Literature Review

Skillful teachers ask ELLs clarifying questions to elicit more complex literature review on diversity in the classroom from them Yedlin, Researchers have also noticed that the speech patterns of effective /money-help-for-unemployed-ky.html language teachers contain a high frequency of utterances that serve to extend, expand, and or paraphrase learner utterances Chaudron, ; Ellis, Such utterances provide students with good language models for more effectively expressing their ideas.

Researchers caution teachers not to confuse cross-cultural differences in style with cognitive deficit Cazden, ; Delpit,Michaels, Teachers are advised to use print by august wilson examples, multicultural literature, and recordings to draw students' attention to diverse organizational patterns and to analyze the ways in which these differ Adger, Activities such as situational role-playing can raise literature review on diversity in the classroom such as how to speak effectively in different roles and settings e.

Research shows that ELLs benefit from explicit instruction and modeling of how to participate in text-based discussions. Through professional development, teachers learn how to promote discussion in which students explicitly build upon each other's contributions, ask for and provide clarifications, use complex language to express themselves, and provide text-based evidence for their opinions. Literature paid essay writing are another discussion format with specified participant roles such as summarizer, questioner, and connector.

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